The influence of biofertilization on the vegetative growth, yielding and nutritional status of 'Sampion' apple trees in first years after planting

The effects of biofertilizers on the growth, yielding, and nutritional status apple trees (in comparison with standard mineral fertilization) was evaluated in 3-years experiment (2018–2020). included following treatments: (i) Super Fos Dar, (ii) Polifoska 6, (iii) Dar + fungi (Aspergillus niger, Purpureocillium lilacinum), (iv) Urea enriched fungi, (v) dose reduced to 60% (vi) bacteria applied their own soil (Bacillus sp., Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa), (vii) bacteria, (viii) (ix) 6 (x) bacteria. application fertilizers (even doses) beneficial microorganisms enhanced growth trees. most abundant flowering recorded when fertilization (with Dar) supplemented soil. No significant differences plant yielding were noted (due damages caused by spring frosts), but highest fruit weight case fertilized microbiologically Dar.